Environmental Management
and Bioengineering |
| Initial Environmental
Examinations (IEE) and approval |
As
per the provision of Environmental Protection Act
2053 and Rules, every RAP2 district road is required
to have an IEE study, which is submitted to Ministry
of Local Development for approval. |
| Environmental mitigation
and monitoring |
Site-specific
environmental management plans in each of the road
corridor have been prepared for the design and implementation
of mitigation measures. Inventories of existing
utility services and trees felled are maintained
to rectify and/or replenish them during construction.
In addition, toe walls are constructed to retain
excess spillage and control erosion and sedimentation
problems. |
| Reinstatement of
public utility services and structures |
Public
utility services and structures damaged and/or disturbed
during the road building works are either reinstated
or relocated by the programme. Communities are consulted
before initiating works for the reinstatement of
damaged structures. The major public utility structures
reinstated in RAP2 road corridors include foot trails,
water supply distribution system and irrigation
channels. |
| Bioengineering approach |
RAP2
implements bioengineering measures as means of environmental
mitigation to minimise negative impacts emerging
during road construction and to maintain and enhance
natural environment of adjoining lands along the
road corridors to attain overall sustainability
of roads. Bioengineering works are carried out during
the wet season mainly in July and August. |
| Techniques |
Different
bioengineering techniques used include seeding,
grass/tree plantation, brush layering, live check
dams, jute/coir netting, stone pitching, surface/sub
surface drainage, bolsters etc. |
| Selection and
use of bio species |
Local
bio species are used to the extent possible. Grass
and bush species will be collected locally, whereas
tree species will be selected in consultation with
district forest office and nurseries. Species of
economic importance will also be introduced where
agreed. |
| Training |
Training
on bioengineering approaches and techniques are
provided to all technicians working at the field
level. Training over 3 days combined with theory
and practical exercises has helped implementing
bioengineering measures very efficiently. |
